Journal of Islamic Civilization and Culture

Time Review and Its Effects on the Legal Systems of Afghanistan and Iran

2023-12-02T12:31:02+00:00

The most significant and recent effect of possession is the acquisition of real rights. Ownership through possession is attained over time in immovable properties. The passage of time in possession of real estate constitutes the acquisition of rights; however, the passage of time as a means of extinguishing rights serves as a result of non-claim and non-use of rights for a specified period.

The legal system of Afghanistan has accepted the principle of prescription, while the modern civil legal system of Iran has not embraced the principle of prescription, although in some cases, deadlines are stipulated for claimants to establish their claims. If the claimant does not assert their right within the specified period, their claim is not recognized.

This article critically examines the perspectives of the legal systems of Iran and Afghanistan regarding prescription and comes to the conclusion that accepting the theory of prescription seems more aligned with social order, stability of agreements, logical justice, and fairness, considering its conditions.

The Impact of Foreign Capital Inflow (CPI) on Pakistan’s Economic Development

2023-12-02T12:30:49+00:00

The influence of the component of the foreign capital inflow (FCI) on GDP growth has always been a contentious issue among the academics and still the magnitudes of the elements of foreign capital inflow (FCI) was not confirmed. Therefore, this study was accomplished to check the effect of the component of the foreign capital on Pakistan’s GDP growth to used ARDL and granger-causality methods for estimation from 1975 to 2020. Results indicated that foreign aid, personal remittances, and FDI has beneficial and important effect on GDP growth. There is short-period equilibrium is converged to long-period equilibrium with 53% adjustment level and exist long-period co-integration among the variables. This study also found that there is a two-way causality among remittances and GDP growth, while there is unidirectional causality running from FDI to GDP growth. However, there are no causality found between aid and GDP growth. Therefore, this study confirmed that the FCI has helpful consequences on GDP growth of Pakistan. This study recommended that the government should attract FDI inflow, more remittances, and aid to enhance economic growth.

History of Pashto Translations of Bible: Its Impact on Pashto Language and Literature[1]

2023-12-02T12:30:37+00:00

The history of Pashto translation of Bible started by John Lyden in 1818 with parts of Bible translation followed by Pashto translations of New and Old Testament by William Carey in 1863 and the practice continued till the publication of full revised Bible by United Bible Societies in 2020. Bible was translated from Hebrew, Greek and English languages into Pashto prose and verse. Missionaries were assisted in these translations by Pashtun mullahs, qazis, scribes and local converts. Prominent Pashtun who assisted in these translations were Ahmad, Qazi Abdul Rahman, Ghulam Jilani, M.A. Taib, Hamidullah and Wazir-al-Din. Bible translations into Pashto left its impact on Pashto language and literature in terms of style and themes. The first printed in Pashto is the translation of Bible. Early Pashto translations helped in the emergence of standard Pashto dialect. This article explores the history of Bible translation into Pashto. Furthermore, it highlights the significant contributions of prominent individuals, missions and organizations. It also explores thematic, stylistic, literary and linguistic impacts of Bible translation on Pashto language and literature. The study is going to be dominantly descriptive in nature based on the primary and secondary sources.

[1] An early version of this article was presented in International Conference on Christianity and Christians in Pakistan, organized by Kellogg College University of Oxford, London on June 15-16, 2023.