سرجری کی مختلف صورتوں کے جواز اور عدم جواز کا تحقیقی جائزہ

An exploratory review of the permissibility and impermissibility for various forms of surgery

Abstract

Surgery is neither inclusively permissible nor exclusively prohibited in Islam. Permissibility or impermissibility depends on its purpose and need. Where there is a sound purpose and actual need, permission will be given accordingly, otherwise no compromise and relaxation will be given. Additionally, it should be noted that in surgery, no body-part or organ of another human being or any other impermissible material should be used. Surgery should not be undertaken merely on the apprehension of risk; rather the fraction of benefit should be dominant over the possibility of harm. Sound purpose refers to eliminating defect and preventing sickness while actual need refers to non-existence of a permissible and easy substitute.

In light of these principles, surgery for fixing a cut lip is permissible for elimination of defect. An additional finger which causes harm can also be removed for prevention of harm. A youngster who is suffering from facial lines and winkles which causes such repulsiveness that no one agrees to marry him/her will be allowed based on prevention of harm. But in the case of an elderly person, such a surgery will not be permissible. Similarly, a youngster who undertakes surgery just to look more handsome will also not be permitted. This article analyzes this issue from various perspectives to elaborate the SharÊ´ah perspective on the issue.