أثر اللغة العربية على اللغة البشتو، عبد الرحمن بابا نموذجا (دراسة تحليلية نموذجية)

The Influence of the Arabic Language on the Pashto Language: The Abdur-Rahman Baba as a Model (A Case Study Analysis)

Abstract

Language contact reveals the depth of integration and interaction between languages, and it also highlights the nature of shared cultural and linguistic relations. Urdu and Persian vocabulary has merged into the fabric of the Pashto language. Likewise, Arabic terms and words have entered Pashto through the gateway of Islam and the Holy Qur’an, and many of them have become part of the Pashto lexicon, such as iman (faith), taqwa (piety), sabr (patience), fana (annihilation), baqa (subsistence), masjid (mosque), tawhid (monotheism), and other words. Arabic words were not used merely as expressions, but also carried with them an intellectual and spiritual system, as reflected in the poetry of Abd al-Rahman Baba. There are also other Arabic words that are not commonly used in Pashto; rather, their roots are known to scholars and thinkers, and they have a significant effect in clarifying their meanings.